{"id":597,"date":"2013-11-05T07:58:53","date_gmt":"2013-11-05T06:58:53","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/exponentialdecay.co.uk\/blog\/?p=597"},"modified":"2025-01-10T18:56:44","modified_gmt":"2025-01-10T18:56:44","slug":"looking-back-mmv-ma-digital-culture-and-technology-digitisation-of-the-comic-book","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/exponentialdecay.co.uk\/blog\/looking-back-mmv-ma-digital-culture-and-technology-digitisation-of-the-comic-book\/","title":{"rendered":"Looking Back, MMV: MA Digital Culture and Technology: Digitisation of the Comic Book"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">2005 saw the completion of my Master of Arts in Digital Culture and Technology. My specialization within the <a title=\"KCL: School of Digital Humanities\" href=\"http:\/\/www.kcl.ac.uk\/artshums\/depts\/ddh\/index.aspx\">School of Digital Humanities<\/a> at Kings College London was Material Culture and Technology, writing about what we could learn from comic books, how we could preserve them and at the same time remain faithful to the material culture surrounding them.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\"><b>Dissertation proposal<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">The proposal began by citing existing literary sources, on the subject of comic books and graphic novels, to help distinguish the medium from any other form of literature or visual art; placing words and pictures in a &#8216;symbiotic&#8217; relationship with one another. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">It used Spielgelman&#8217;s Maus and a 1974 Star Trek comic to highlight features of the comic book that might be of interest to researchers and why they are worthy of further study. Symbolic features of the Maus narrative more orthodox to those studying literature perhaps. The para-textual features of the Star Trek comic less familiar, but equally revealing; providing us a <i>clue<\/i> to <i>a<\/i> readership or to help us understand a comic or publisher&#8217;s potential to influence a reader based on what it carried or chose to carry; in this case advertisements selling paraphernalia associated with peace, among other bits and pieces, during the time of the Vietnam War &#8211; entirely outside of the narrative content of the comic.<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p>They offer the possibility of a way to understand the mind of the great majority of non-literate people, past and present who remain otherwise inaccessible except through impersonal records and the distorting view of a contemporary literary elite. &#8211; Prown (1982) Material Culture, <a title=\"Prown (1982) Material Culture, Objects are more representative...\" href=\"https:\/\/exponentialdecay.co.uk\/blog\/?attachment_id=621\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Objects are more representative<\/a>&#8230;<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">Paraphrasing <a title=\"Mind in Matter: An Introduction to Material Culture Theory and Method\" href=\"http:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/qualresearch\/files\/2010\/09\/Mind-in-Matter.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Prown<\/a> (1982) to allow me to highlight the importance of preserving and studying comic books and the dangers of not doing so; I proposed that the study of the comic book can <i>reveal<\/i><i> an insight into <\/i><i>the culture of<\/i><i> a readership that might otherwise remain undocumented, either in written \u2013 or material form<\/i>. To document that culture the digitization of the comic book needs to take into account the comic&#8217;s artistic and written value, as well as its <i>para-textual characteristics,<\/i> and <i>materiality<\/i> for all that they might reveal.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">The proposal identifies eleven attributes of comic books that might contribute to a cultural insight and therefore might be important for preservation and study:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">Subject Matter <\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">Artwork and Artists <\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">Comic book publishers <\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">Advertisements <\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">Letters and Fan mail <\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">Language <\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">Decade and Historical Period of publication <\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">Print and Bindings <\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">Editions <\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">Cultural differences in form and style<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">And in creating a digital edition it is also important to understand:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">The audience reading it<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">The material conditions under which the comic book was read<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">The way the comic book was purchased<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">Modes of publication, issues, editions, annuals etc. <\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The dissertation would expand on the literature review from the proposal, creating a more comprehensive view of comic books as a cultural artifact. Alongside that, a prototype digital edition could be created to help reveal the strengths and weaknesses of digital and better illuminate the effectiveness of print editions.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">The proposal can be found <a title=\"Dissertation Proposal: Design of, and the Identification of factors involved in the digitization of the Comic Book\" href=\"https:\/\/exponentialdecay.co.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/11\/ross-spencer-proposal-digitisation-of-the-comic-book.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">here<\/a>. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">A flash presentation, summarizing the proposal\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Digitization of the Comic Book: Proposal Presentation\" href=\"https:\/\/exponentialdecay.co.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/11\/comic-book-proposal-presentation.exe\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">here<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\"><b>Dissertation<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">The proposal translated into the following dissertation abstract:<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\"><i>This study looks at the relevance of the comic book to culture. It attempts to\u00a0show that beyond the significance and the meaning conveyed in the medium, is the material form of the comic that is just as relevant as cultural\u00a0and historical evidence. This project goes some way to highlighting the\u00a0considerations that need to be made in looking at the digitization of comic books and related forms for preservation and further and enhanced access for academic study. A number of exploratory prototypes have been created to illustrate the difficulties involved and to provide a platform for further research and development in this area.<\/i><\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">And t<\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">he full pape<\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">r, can be found <\/span><a title=\"Design of, and the Identification of factors involved in the digitization of the Comic Book\" href=\"https:\/\/exponentialdecay.co.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/08\/ross-spencer-digitisation-of-the-comic-book.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">here<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\"><b>Looking back&#8230;<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">I<\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">t was known to me at the time that a two-paragraph conclusion was far from good enough to be awarded the top potential marks for such a paper. Its brevity, the output of a function of the time I left <\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">myself<\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\"> to wrap things up at the end of writing. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">The conclusion does not stand alone, and the discussion <\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">preceding<\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\"> it could equally have been expanded on, <\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">even<\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\"> as an essay in its own right.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">Ideally I would re-iterate the importance of the medium and <\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">the importance of <\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">preserving it as a mechanism for understanding <\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">a <\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">culture\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">that created it;<\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\"> a culture that consumes it; <\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">a culture that preserves it <\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">for its own sake; <\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">a<\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">s well as <\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">expanding on <\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">other <\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\"><em>cultures<\/em> and practices\u00a0influenced simply by the existence of the medium. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">It is important to continue discussions<\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\"> of the limitations of digital as a medium for <\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">preserving much of that, but also to critically evaluate the benefits and trade-offs which can usefully <\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">be made <\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">to seek the best result for future generations.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">A <\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">highlight of the paper is the two digital editions that were created. A Game <\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">B<\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">oy edition of Peanuts:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">A<\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">vailable <a title=\"Game Boy Comic Strip: Peanuts\" href=\"https:\/\/exponentialdecay.co.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/11\/peanuts.gba_.zip\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">here<\/a> as a ROM image [ZIP]. <strong>Note:<\/strong> Users will require an emulator such as <a title=\"Wikipedia.org: Boycott Advance\" href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/BoycottAdvance\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Boycott Advance<\/a><br \/>\n<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">A f<\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">lash edition of Batman: Death and The Maidens, Volume 1:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">A<\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">vailable <a title=\"Batman: Death and the Maidens, Vol 1\" href=\"https:\/\/exponentialdecay.co.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/11\/death-and-the-maidens-oct-2003.exe\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">here<\/a> as a flash executable [EXE]. <strong>Note:<\/strong> Linux users can use <a title=\"Wikipedia.org: Wine (Software)\" href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wine_(software)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wine<\/a> to run this content<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">T<\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">he questionnaire I created was a<\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">nother<\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\"> success that I could have taken more <\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">time to talk about in the paper,<\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\"> whether it was <\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">with<\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">in scope is a different matter, the potential exists to take <\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">its results <\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">into yet another discussion paper. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">The survey received 383 views. Out of that 75% that started it; 38% completed it. Qualitative and quantitative questions receiving in upwards of 121 responses. I haven&#8217;t had a mechanism for making the results available before now, but perhaps in making them available here, even eight years on, it might prove to be a useful data set to future researchers. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">Survey Pro: <a title=\"Survey Pro: Comic Book Survey Results (2005)\" href=\"https:\/\/exponentialdecay.co.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/11\/comic-book-survey-anonymized.xls\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Comic Book Survey results<\/a>\u00a0[XLS]<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">The dissertation doesn&#8217;t quite ally with the hopes of the proposal,<\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\"> promis<\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">ing<\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\"> more than was delivered. <\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">It<\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\"> attempt<\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">s<\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\"> to second guess a potential conclusion, suggesting that we <\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">might<\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\"> talk about the use of the internet as a method for distributing and gaining access to archives of comic books. Thinking out loud now, the potential of a<\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">n\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">Internet-based<\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\"> time-locked mechanism for accessing volumes of already existing comic books in archives, <\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">simulating release-patterns of days-gone-by <\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">could prove an exciting experiment. The proposal also suggests a discussion <\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">about<\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\"> the internet as a method for users to access directories of information about the writers and publishers of comic books &#8211; A centralized database. Distributed across the internet. Annotated, enhanced, illuminated! <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">Fortunately the weakness of conclusion in the actual dissertation mean<\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">s<\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\"> that I don&#8217;t have to look back on <\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">hopelessly <\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">hopeful predictions; alternatively predictions lacking <\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">in any\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">particular <\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">foresight&#8230;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">Instinct and experience says that 2013 presents us with a far different prospect than that of 2005. Buzzwords such as aggregation, mash-up, linking and <a title=\"Wikipedia.org: Linked Data\" href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Linked_data\">linked data<\/a> come to mind \u2013 and teasingly should probably be expanded on somewhere other than here.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">Additionally knowledge of digital preservation from my previous <\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">and current<\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\"> job-role<\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">s<\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\"> says that we must <\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">now <\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">make careful decisions about the technologies we adopt to promote longevity and chances of survival for future generations. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">T<\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">he world is different across the board. <\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">Kindle <\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">and iPad are<\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\"> brand<\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">s<\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\"> known to many. <a title=\"ComiXology: Digital Comics\" href=\"http:\/\/www.comixology.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ComiXology<\/a> another, known to m<\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">any<\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\"> of <\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">the<\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\"> comic and graphic-novel readership. Sony <a title=\"Metal Gear Solid: Digital Graphic Novel (2006)\" href=\"http:\/\/metalgear.wikia.com\/wiki\/Metal_Gear_Solid:_Digital_Graphic_Novel\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">released comics<\/a> on their hand held console the PSP and the <\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">continued <\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">distribution of comics via <\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">such digital mechanisms<\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\"> will change the landscape and <\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">thus the<\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\"> face of any future discussions my dissertation hoped to begin. We won&#8217;t, for much longer, be discussing the digitization of the comic book with <\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">the\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">thought of future generations still handling a physical object like they might have for the past <\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">50<\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">&#8211;<\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">6<\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">0 years, but with a <\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\"><i>real<\/i><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\"> preservation imperative \u2013 <\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">how do we capture the experience, the performance, for those who never knew the physical <\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">medium in the first place. <\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">Concluding <\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">remarks<\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">&#8230;<\/span><\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">Other cultural forms will take priority over the comic book for me; film first, then television, music and then visually gratifying works such as comic books, and different forms of art. But the comic book fascinates me. I have read them at different stages in my life from quite a young age. I&#8217;ve never truly immersed myself in particular publishers, stories, or artists, rather the odd series or graphic novel when I get the opportunity, or feel drawn to them. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">In picking up a comic book as an adult with the eyes of a student in digital humanities the intrigue grew. I saw a medium with multiple different layers that we could slice and understand, that undoubtedly told the story of a readership and a medium with a very real <i>influence<\/i> on the reader&#8230;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">I was fortunate to have such a supervisor in <a title=\"Willard McCarty: Professional Website\" href=\"http:\/\/www.mccarty.org.uk\/\">Willard McCarty<\/a> whom helped me to ask questions of the form that we were looking at. Taking the idea of advertisements in a comic book \u2013 how do they mirror the audience? &#8211; Do they? &#8211; What events at the time influence the content of them? How did Vietnam impact the comic books of that era? &#8211; The death of JFK? The events of 9\/11?<\/span><\/p>\n<p>Reflecting on this piece in 2013 my enthusiasm has not diminished. There is an awareness of technologies that exist now (and were in their infancy in 2005) that could push this work forward radically. We see infrastructures that could be adopted in archives of newspapers such as <a href=\"http:\/\/paperspast.natlib.govt.nz\/cgi-bin\/paperspast\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Papers Past<\/a> from the National Library of New Zealand. Combined with linked open data on the internet and technologies such as the iPad or Kindle, there might be some value in picking this work up again&#8230; <em>and if I can&#8217;t them maybe making the resources I used and created available here will help enable someone else to do so for themselves.<\/em><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2><strong><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">See Also<\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">Prototype (hand drawn) comic book \/ presentation: <\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/exponentialdecay.co.uk\/prototype-comicbook\/\">http:\/\/exponentialdecay.co.uk\/prototype-comicbook\/<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"pvc_clear\"><\/div>\n<p id=\"pvc_stats_597\" class=\"pvc_stats total_only  \" data-element-id=\"597\" style=\"\"><i class=\"pvc-stats-icon small\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" data-prefix=\"far\" data-icon=\"chart-bar\" role=\"img\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" class=\"svg-inline--fa fa-chart-bar fa-w-16 fa-2x\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M396.8 352h22.4c6.4 0 12.8-6.4 12.8-12.8V108.8c0-6.4-6.4-12.8-12.8-12.8h-22.4c-6.4 0-12.8 6.4-12.8 12.8v230.4c0 6.4 6.4 12.8 12.8 12.8zm-192 0h22.4c6.4 0 12.8-6.4 12.8-12.8V140.8c0-6.4-6.4-12.8-12.8-12.8h-22.4c-6.4 0-12.8 6.4-12.8 12.8v198.4c0 6.4 6.4 12.8 12.8 12.8zm96 0h22.4c6.4 0 12.8-6.4 12.8-12.8V204.8c0-6.4-6.4-12.8-12.8-12.8h-22.4c-6.4 0-12.8 6.4-12.8 12.8v134.4c0 6.4 6.4 12.8 12.8 12.8zM496 400H48V80c0-8.84-7.16-16-16-16H16C7.16 64 0 71.16 0 80v336c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h464c8.84 0 16-7.16 16-16v-16c0-8.84-7.16-16-16-16zm-387.2-48h22.4c6.4 0 12.8-6.4 12.8-12.8v-70.4c0-6.4-6.4-12.8-12.8-12.8h-22.4c-6.4 0-12.8 6.4-12.8 12.8v70.4c0 6.4 6.4 12.8 12.8 12.8z\" class=\"\"><\/path><\/svg><\/i> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" alt=\"Loading\" src=\"https:\/\/exponentialdecay.co.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/plugins\/page-views-count\/ajax-loader-2x.gif\" border=0 \/><\/p>\n<div class=\"pvc_clear\"><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">2005 saw the completion of my Master of Arts in Digital Culture and Technology. My specialization within the <a title=\"KCL: School of Digital Humanities\" href=\"http:\/\/www.kcl.ac.uk\/artshums\/depts\/ddh\/index.aspx\">School of Digital Humanities<\/a> at Kings College London was Material Culture and Technology, writing about what we could learn from comic books, how we could preserve them and at the same time remain faithful to the material culture surrounding them.<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"link-more\"><a href=\"https:\/\/exponentialdecay.co.uk\/blog\/looking-back-mmv-ma-digital-culture-and-technology-digitisation-of-the-comic-book\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &ldquo;Looking Back, MMV: MA Digital Culture and Technology: Digitisation of the Comic Book&rdquo;<\/span>&hellip;<\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"pvc_clear\"><\/div>\n<p id=\"pvc_stats_597\" class=\"pvc_stats total_only  \" data-element-id=\"597\" style=\"\"><i class=\"pvc-stats-icon small\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" data-prefix=\"far\" data-icon=\"chart-bar\" role=\"img\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" class=\"svg-inline--fa fa-chart-bar fa-w-16 fa-2x\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M396.8 352h22.4c6.4 0 12.8-6.4 12.8-12.8V108.8c0-6.4-6.4-12.8-12.8-12.8h-22.4c-6.4 0-12.8 6.4-12.8 12.8v230.4c0 6.4 6.4 12.8 12.8 12.8zm-192 0h22.4c6.4 0 12.8-6.4 12.8-12.8V140.8c0-6.4-6.4-12.8-12.8-12.8h-22.4c-6.4 0-12.8 6.4-12.8 12.8v198.4c0 6.4 6.4 12.8 12.8 12.8zm96 0h22.4c6.4 0 12.8-6.4 12.8-12.8V204.8c0-6.4-6.4-12.8-12.8-12.8h-22.4c-6.4 0-12.8 6.4-12.8 12.8v134.4c0 6.4 6.4 12.8 12.8 12.8zM496 400H48V80c0-8.84-7.16-16-16-16H16C7.16 64 0 71.16 0 80v336c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h464c8.84 0 16-7.16 16-16v-16c0-8.84-7.16-16-16-16zm-387.2-48h22.4c6.4 0 12.8-6.4 12.8-12.8v-70.4c0-6.4-6.4-12.8-12.8-12.8h-22.4c-6.4 0-12.8 6.4-12.8 12.8v70.4c0 6.4 6.4 12.8 12.8 12.8z\" class=\"\"><\/path><\/svg><\/i> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" alt=\"Loading\" src=\"https:\/\/exponentialdecay.co.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/plugins\/page-views-count\/ajax-loader-2x.gif\" border=0 \/><\/p>\n<div class=\"pvc_clear\"><\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":632,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"activitypub_content_warning":"","activitypub_content_visibility":"","activitypub_max_image_attachments":3,"activitypub_interaction_policy_quote":"anyone","activitypub_status":"federated","footnotes":""},"categories":[49],"tags":[51,73,52,53,50],"class_list":["post-597","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-digital-humanities","tag-comic-books","tag-digital-humanities","tag-material-culture","tag-mode-7","tag-portfolio","entry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Looking Back, MMV: MA Digital Culture and Technology: Digitisation of the Comic Book - ross spencer :: exponentialdecay.digipres :: blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/exponentialdecay.co.uk\/blog\/looking-back-mmv-ma-digital-culture-and-technology-digitisation-of-the-comic-book\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Looking Back, MMV: MA Digital Culture and Technology: Digitisation of the Comic Book - ross spencer :: exponentialdecay.digipres :: blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"2005 saw the completion of my Master of Arts in Digital Culture and Technology. 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